As of , NPIC stopped creating technical pesticide fact sheets. The old collection of technical fact sheets will remain available in this archive, but they may contain out-of-date material. NPIC no longer has the capacity to consistently update them. To visit our general fact sheets, click here. For up-to-date technical fact sheets, please visit the Environmental Protection Agency's webpage.
Laboratory Testing: Before pesticides are registered by the U. EPA, they must undergo laboratory testing for short-term acute and long-term chronic health effects.
Laboratory animals are purposely given high enough doses to cause toxic effects. These tests help scientists judge how these chemicals might affect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife in cases of overexposure. LD 50 is generally expressed as the dose in milligrams mg of chemical per kilogram kg of body weight. LC 50 is often expressed as mg of chemical per volume e.
Exposure: Effects of copper sulfate on human health and the environment depend on how much copper sulfate is present and the length and frequency of exposure. Cancer: Government agencies in the United States and abroad have developed programs to evaluate the potential for a chemical to cause cancer. Testing guidelines and classification systems vary.
To learn more about the meaning of various cancer classification descriptors listed in this fact sheet, please visit the appropriate reference, or call NPIC. EC 50 : The median effective concentration EC 50 may be reported for sublethal or ambiguously lethal effects. This measure is used in tests involving species such as aquatic invertebrates where death may be difficult to determine. This term is also used if sublethal events are being monitored.
Newman, M. Reference Dose RfD : The RfD is an estimate of the quantity of chemical that a person could be exposed to every day for the rest of their life with no appreciable risk of adverse health effects. The reference dose is typically measured in milligrams mg of chemical per kilogram kg of body weight per day.
The MCL is enforceable. The MCL is typically measured in milligrams mg of contaminant per liter L of water. Please cite as: Boone, C. NPIC provides objective, science-based information about pesticides and pesticide-related topics to enable people to make informed decisions. Environmental Protection Agency cooperative agreement X The information in this publication does not in any way replace or supersede the restrictions, precautions, directions, or other information on the pesticide label or any other regulatory requirements, nor does it necessarily reflect the position of the U.
Copper Sulfate Technical Fact Sheet. References: Tomlin, C. Connelly, N. Pizarro, F. Gastrointestinal effects associated with soluble and insoluble copper in drinking water.
Gropper, S. O'Neil, M. Goldschmidt, J. Theophanides, T. Copper and carcinogenesis. Daniel, K. Copper storage diseases: Menkes, Wilsons, and cancer. Front Biosci. Goodman, V. Copper deficiency as an anti-cancer strategy. Cancer , 11 2 , Kamrin, M. Krieger, R. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology Agents , 2nd ed. Oruc, H. Chronic copper toxicosis in sheep following the use of copper sulfate as a fungicide on fruit trees.
Olivares, M. Chuttani, H. Thompson, L. Shivanandappa, T. Testicular atrophy in Gallus domesticus fed acute doses of copper fungicides. Meister, R. Poortinga, E. Copper penny ingestion in a cat.
Talcott, P. Small Animal Toxicology , 2nd ed. Louis, ; pp Webb, C. Radostits, O. Diseases associated with inorganic and farm chemicals - Primary Copper Poisoning.
Bradley, C. Copper poisoning in a dairy herd fed a mineral supplement. Banton, M. Copper toxicosis in cattle fed chicken litter. Cornish, J. Copper toxicosis in a dairy goat herd. Kline, R. Anim Sci. Reigart, J. Copper Compounds. Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisonings , 5th ed. Mason, K. Chugh, K. Acute renal failure following copper sulphate intoxication.
Schienberg, H. Copper, alloys, and compounds. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety , 3rd ed. Santic, Z. Vineyard pesticide induced changes in the lungs: experimental studying on rabbits. Boyden, R. Rana, S. Biological haematological and histological observations in copper poisoned rats.
Suttle, N. Studies of the toxicity of copper to pigs. Boughton, I. Chronic Copper Poisoning in Sheep. Texas AES Bull. Gilbert, R. Copper sulfate toxicosis in commercial laying hens. Avian Dis.
Jensen, L. Induction of oral lesions in broiler chicks by supplementing the diet with copper. Pesti, G. Studies on the feeding of cupric sulfate pentahydrate and cupric citrate to broiler chickens.
Poultry Sci. Luo, X. Effects of dietary supplementation with copper sulfate or tribasic copper chloride on broiler performance, relative copper bioavailability, and oxidation stability of vitamin E in feed.
Poult Sci. Idowu, O. Romeu-Moreno, A. Respiratory toxicity of copper. Health Perspect. Suppl 3 , , Araya, M. Copper exposure and potential biomarkers of copper metabolism. BioMetals , 16 1 , Acute gastrointestinal effects of graded levels of copper in drinking water. Villar, T. Vineyard sprayer's lung, Clinical aspects. Its use as a herbicide is not agricultural, but instead for control of invasive aquatic plants and the roots of plants near pipes containing water.
It is used in swimming pools as an algaecide. A dilute solution of copper sulfate is used to treat aquarium fish for parasitic infections, and is also used to remove snails from aquariums.
Copper ions are highly toxic to fish, care must be taken with the dosage. Most species of algae can be controlled with very low concentrations of copper sulfate. Copper sulfate inhibits growth of bacteria such as E.
This salt exists as a series of compounds that differ in their degree of hydration. The anhydrous form occurs as a rare mineral known as chalcocyanite. The hydrated copper sulfate occurs in nature as chalcanthite pentahydrate , and two more rare ones: bonattite trihydrate and boothite heptahydrate. Archaic names for copper II sulfate are "blue vitriol" and "bluestone". Synonym Source Copper sulfate. Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as transition metal sulfates.
These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is sulfate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is a transition metal.
Inorganic compounds.
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