Q10 Which two of the following statements are true? Q11 Which two of the following statements are true? Q13 Which two of the following statements are true? Q14 Which two of the following are normal functions of an LSR? As traffic enters the Q-in-Q tunnel on the core-facing interface on the ingress PE device, a swap operation is performed. With the push option, a packet retains its tag and an additional VLAN tag is added.
This is VLAN translation. Answer: D Explanation: When a strict hop is configured, it identifies an exact path through which the LSP must be routed.
The network IGP determines the exact route from the inbound router to the first loose hop, or from one loose hop to the next. Typically this is 20 bytes per packet, so if the normal packet size MTU on a network is bytes, a packet that is sent through a tunnel can only be bytes big. Which action will the router take? The router will send a link-state request packet to its DIS router. Answer: CD Explanation: Within data communication protocols, optional information may be encoded as a type-length-value or TLV element inside a protocol.
TLV is also known as tag-length-value. The type and length are fixed in size typically bytes , and the value field is of variable size.
These fields are used as follows: Type: A binary code, often simply alphanumeric, which indicates the kind of field that this part of the message represents; Length: The size of the value field typically in bytes ; Value: Variable-sized series of bytes which contains data for this part of the message.
To configure the router to receive and forward single-tag frames with Untagged packets are accepted on the same mixed VLAN-tagged port. Figure shows a label stack. The label close to the Layer 2 header is called the stack top label or outer label.
The label close to the Layer 3 header is called stack bottom label or inner label. Theoretically, the number of MPLS labels that can be stacked is unlimited. The labels are processed from the top of the label stack based on the last in, first out rule. The following label operations are defined in the LFIB:. Push : label adding operation. It is performed by the ingress and transit nodes of an MPLS network. When an IP packet reaches the ingress of an MPLS network, the ingress adds a label between the Layer 2 header and the Layer 3 header of the packet before forwarding the packet.
A transit node inside the MPLS network may also add a label to the top of the label stack as needed. Swap : label replacement operation. It is performed by a transit node to replace a label on the top of the label stack in an MPLS packet with another label, which is assigned by the next hop. Pop : label removal operation.
It is performed by the egress to remove the label. It may also be performed by the penultimate LSR to decrease the number of labels in the label stack. At the last hop, the label becomes unnecessary. Penultimate hop popping PHP can be used to enable the penultimate LSR to remove a label from a packet to be sent to the egress.
In real world situations, many LSPs may share the same egress. Therefore PHP helps reduce the burden on the egress. The egress forwards the packet over an IP route or based on the next label.
Label 3 indicates an implicit-null label that never appears in a label stack. The LSR does not need to replace the existing label with this implicit-null label at the top of the label stack.
Khoa Nguyen. Leith Maamer. Phani Kumar. Ahsan Mohiuddin. Prateek Sancheti. Sunny Dhir. Rsmy Yrdna. Alex Adamitei. Enterprise Firewall 6. Network Security 1. Brali Dioulson Nguema. Peter McDonough. Populares em Routing.
Maycon CL. Ernest Ojemu. David Vargas Huanuqueno. Sachin Behl. Wayne E. Carlos Sucuy. George Smith. Javier Morales.
0コメント