Centered: , or. Let it stand:. Roman typeface:. Bold typeface:. Deciphering a proofreader's suggested changes used to take hours; fortunately, it doesn't have to any more. Submit your document to any of our proofreading services today for a speedy, easy-to-use document review that makes use of Tracked Changes instead. English is not my first language. I need English editing and proofreading so that I sound like a native speaker.
I need to have my journal article, dissertation, or term paper edited and proofread, or I need help with an admissions essay or proposal. I have a novel, manuscript, play, or ebook. I need editing, copy editing, proofreading, a critique of my work, or a query package. I need editing and proofreading for my white papers, reports, manuals, press releases, marketing materials, and other business documents. I need to have my essay, project, assignment, or term paper edited and proofread.
I want to sound professional and to get hired. I have been a proofreader for a long time now and I could say that I am expert on it. It is a very enjoyable work for me..
Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Traditionally, marks are made in different colours to distinguish between errors made by the typesetter red and errors made by the copy-editor that the typesetter merely followed blue.
This enables the cost of correcting the errors to be charged appropriately — an important consideration, especially when a small correction might have the knock-on effect of changing the layout of a page.
Other types of instructions might be in green oooh! Queries are in pencil — removable when they are resolved. Even though editing and proofreading are mostly done on screen these days, some jobs are still done on hard copy, and proofreading marks are the most efficient way of marking up on paper, even if that means sending a sheet of marks back to the client to explain what they all mean.
Before Track Changes or other electronic methods for indicating problems in an article or story came to be, there were proofreader's marks. You may recall that the printing press was one of the most significant inventions in the history of humankind. At first, the printing press was an advanced version of the venerable art of woodblock printing: letters were carved on a block of wood by cutting away the background so that each letter stood out in relief.
The wooden "plate" was fastened into the lid of the printing press, which opened rather like the lid of a wooden storage chest hence the name "press," which was also used for such chests. Then ink was applied to the raised surfaces of the plate, and sheets of paper were placed underneath.
The press handle was pulled to lower and apply pressure to the plate, so that the plate was pressed against the paper and the ink transferred to it. The press was opened, the paper removed, and then the whole process began again with re-inking the plate. This way, many copies of each page could be made much more quickly than if a scribe wrote out each one. The next significant improvement was movable type, in which bits of metal were cast for each letter instead of carving the letter out from a block of wood.
The frames into which the metal pieces of "type" were placed, and the various pieces of "furniture" and clips that held the type there, were collectively known as a galley. Making up a galley by hand was a labor-intensive process, printing still had to be done one sheet at a time although each sheet often included multiple pages, which were later cut apart , and paper was not cheap, so before the printer started the real print run, he or she would pull a single print of each sheet and pass it to the author to check.
This sample sheet, which offered proof as to whether the blocks of type were ready for the big time, was known as a galley proof. Often an author would have someone else a "fresh pair of eyes," as we often described it when I worked in publishing read over the galley proof, comparing it carefully with the original manuscript.
This person, unsurprisingly, became known as a proofreader. Because most of us don't have someone else typesetting or typing, or inputting our stories, we aren't likely to use the services of an actual proofreader. However, the same markings can be used on a print copy of a manuscript for copy editing. A copy editor's job is similar to that of a Beta reader in the world of fandom: she or he looks for problems of spelling, punctuation, grammar, word usage, and more in a manuscript and marks the places where any such problems are found.
In the world of professional publishing, however, the copy editor would also enforce standards of style: for example, when a time of day is given, is ante meridiem noted as a. In the recent past, the proofreader's job was considered to involve fewer choices and hence to take less judgement than that of a copy editor, and salaries reflected this. In one scientific publishing house in the American Geophysical Union, which still produces monthly and bimonthy technical journals, as well as books , a brief summary of the duties of the two positions would have been:.
Because so much material nowadays is submitted electronically, which removes the need for a professional typesetter, the differences between the roles of the copy editor and the proofreader are becoming fewer, and a proofreader may perform some of the tasks that were formerly part of the duties of a copy editor.
0コメント